Russia has hit back at western sanctions for invading Ukraine by imposing export bans on a string of products until the end of 2022.
The ban covers exports of telecoms, medical, vehicle, agricultural, and electrical equipment, as well as some forestry products such as timber.
The economy ministry said further measures could include restricting foreign ships from its ports.
It said: “These measures are a logical response to those imposed on Russia.”
The ministry added that the bans on countries that have “committed unfriendly actions” were “aimed at ensuring uninterrupted functioning of key sectors of the economy”.
The export ban includes more than 200 products. The measures will last until the end of the year.
Western governments have imposed a string of sanctions on Russia, notably on buying oil, and against billionaire oligarchs seen as close to President Vladimir Putin.
About 48 countries will be affected, including the US and in the EU.
The order said that export exemptions can be made for Georgia’s breakaway regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia and for members of the Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union.
Russia’s Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin said the ban would include exports of goods made by foreign companies operating in Russia. Items include cars, railway carriages, and containers.
It comes as former Russia president Dmitry Medvedev warned that assets owned by western companies that have pulled out of Russia could be nationalised.
Firms have been leaving en masse or halting investment, including industrial and mining giants such as Caterpillar and Rio Tinto, Starbucks, Sony, Unilever and Goldman Sachs.
On Wednesday, Moscow approved legislation that took the first step towards nationalising assets of foreign firms that leave the country.
And in a statement on Thursday Mr Medvedev said: “The Russian government is already working on measures, which include bankruptcy and nationalisation of the property of foreign organisations.
“Foreign companies should understand that returning to our market will be difficult.” He accused foreign investors of creating “panic” for ordinary citizens who could now lose their livelihoods.
According to the most recent figures, Russia is the UK’s nineteenth largest trading partner, with trade between the two nations totalling £15.9bn over a year from the end of September 2020.
After Britain banned Russian-operated ships from its ports last week a retaliatory proposal to restrict foreign ships from entering Russian ports could also come into force.
President Vladimir Putin said on Thursday that there would be “negative consequences” for the world’s food markets due to the West’s sanctions because Russia is a major producer of agricultural fertilisers.
“It is clear that at such moments people’s demand for certain groups of goods always increases, but we have no doubt that we will solve all these problems while working in a calm fashion,” he said.
